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Objective@#To explore the applicability of Singapore semi-quantitative assessment method and international committee on mining and metals occupational health risk assessment method in occupational health risk assessment of ceramic enterprises.@*Methods@#From March 2017 to May 2018, A ceramic enterprise was selected for the investigation and testing of occupational health, and the risk assessment of the occupational-disease-inductive factors in the workplace was conducted by the semi-quantitative assessment method of Singapore and the occupational health risk assessment method of the international committee on mining and metals.@*Results@#The occupational-disease-inductive factors in the production process of this ceramic enterprise mainly include silicon dust, noise, high temperature, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and so on. The two risk assessment methods were applied to assess the risk of occupational-disease-inductive factors in the workplace, and the results showed that the high risk level was 16.67%, the medium risk level was 63.33%, and the low risk level was 20.00%. The risk level of silicon dust is from low risk to high risk.@*Conclusion@#The semi-quantitative assessment method and the occupational health risk assessment method of the International Commission on Mining and Metals are simple to operate and practical, and are suitable for the assessment of occupational hazards in ceramic enterprises.
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Objective@#To explore the applicability of semi-quantitative risk assessment methods in wood furniture manufacturing companies.@*Methods@#Two medium-sized wooden furniture manufactures were randomly selected as research objects, namely A company and B company. Used the Semi-Quantitative risk assessment method (the ratio method, the index method and the comprehensive method) in the "Guidelines for occupational health risk assessment of chemicals in the workplace" (GBZ/T 298-2017) to conduct occupational hygiene survey, occupational hazard factor testing and occupational health risk assessments for two wood furniture manufacturers from January to October 2018, and compared and analyzed the applicability of these three semi-quantitative risk assessment methods in wooden furniture manufacturing enterprises.@*Results@#The occupational health status of A enterprises was worse than that of B enterprises, and the occupational health risk level was higher than that of B enterprises, and the risk level of A enterprise is 3~4, and the risk level of B enterprise is 2~3. The occupational health risk level obtained by the index method was consistent with the comprehensive method, while the risk level of some occupational disease hazards used the ratio method was inconsistent with the results of the index method and the comprehensive method. Compared with the index method and the comprehensive method, when E/OEL<0.5 or E/OEL≥2, there might be a certain fluctuation in the occupational health risk level obtained by the ratio method.@*Conclusion@#The semi-quantitative risk assessment is more objective, comprehensive and flexible in the application of occupational health risk assessment, and can assess the occupational health risk level of chemical poisons in wood furniture manufacturing enterprises.
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Objective@#A solvent desorption-gas chromatography method for determination of ethylal in workplace air has been established.@*Methods@#Ethylal in workplace air was collected by activated carbon tube and desorbed with carbon disulfide, and the desorption solutions were analysed by capillary column GC with FID detector.@*Results@#The method presented a good linearity in the range of 0.87~34 800.00 mg/L of ethylal in the standard solution, with the correlation coefficient being r=0.999 7. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification of this method were respectively 0.20 mg/L and 0.80 mg/L, and the minimum detectable concentration and the minimum quantification concentration of this method were respectively 0.17 mg/m3 and 0.60 mg/m3 per 1.50 L of air.The within-run precision of the method was 2.93%-6.20%, and the between-run precision 3.67%-6.44%. The desorption efficiency between 94.22%-97.27%. Ethylal in activated carbon tube could be kept at least 7 days at room temperature without significant loss.@*Conclusion@#The method could be used for determination of ethylal in workplace air.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the applicability of Singapore Ministry of Manpower( MOM) risk model and MES model in risk assessment of occupational health hazard caused by chemical poisons in shoemaking enterprises. METHODS: A medium-sized shoemaking enterprise in Guangzhou City was selected as the research object to carry out on-the-spot investigation of occupational health,measure the level of chemical hazards in the air of the workplace. Occupational health risk assessment of chemical toxins in the workplace was conducted using the MOM model and the MES model,and the results of the two evaluations were compared. RESULTS: The occupational chemical hazards in workplace of the shoemaking enterprise mainly included the toluene,xylene,ethyl acetate,butyl acetate,n-hexane,and 1,2-dichloroethan( 1,2-DCE). The concentration-time weighted average( CTWA) of 1,2-DCE at the stitching post,methylbenzene at the brush coating post and ethyl acetate at the cleaning post exceeded occupational exposure limits. The MOM model assessment results showed that methylbenzene was of high risk and 1,2-DCE was of medium risk in brush coating post. n-Hexane and1,2-DCE were of medium risk in stitching post. Ethyl acetate and 1,2-DCE was of medium risk in cleaning post. The results of the MES model evaluation showed that the risk level of n-hexane and 1,2-DCE used in sticking,brush coating and cleaning posts was extremely high and the remaining chemicals were highly dangerous. CONCLUSION: Both MOM model and MES model can easily predict and assess the occupational health risk of various posts in shoemaking enterprises to some extent. The assessment result of MES model is more practical than that of MOM model.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of cinobufotalin and chemotherapeutic agents by transcatheter arterial with oilychemoembolization(TACE) in the treatment of primary liver cancer.Methods 144 patients with HCC proved histopathologically were divided into 2 groups.76 of them(group A) were treated by transcatheter arterial infusion(TAI) with cinobufotalin 100 ml,DDP and 5-FU,then embolism with iodized oil mixed ADM;while the other 68 patients(group B) were treated by TAI with DDP and 5-FU,then embolism with iodized oil mixed ADM.The serum T lymphocytes,HBV DNA,AFP and CT scan were acquired before and after treatment.Results The effective rate(PR+MR) of group A was 86.64%,the lymphocyte transformation rate(LTT),T lymphocytes CD_3~+,CD_4~+proportion and CD_4~+/CD_8~+ratio markedly increased;HBV DNA descended in 21 cases,unchanged in 46 cases,and elevated in 9 cases;1 and 2 year survival rate was 86.84%(66/76)and71.05%(54/76) respectively.The effective rate(PR+MR) of group B was 72.73%,LTT,T lymphocytesCD_3~+,CD_4~+proportion and CD_4~+/CD_8~+ratio markedly descended;HBV DNA descended in 2 cases,unchanged in 20 cases and elevated in 46 cases;1 and 2 year survival rate was 72.73%(48/68) and 54.41%(37/68) respectively.There were significant statistical differences between the two groups(P